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Item type:Publication, A study of knowledge about food allergies among high school students in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia(2026-07-22); ; ;BayarUlzii Bat; Background: Limited information is available regarding food allergy knowledge in Mongolia. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate high school students' knowledge of food allergies and to determine whether significant knowledge gaps exist. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge regarding food allergies among high school students in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included 173 high school students in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Participants completed a survey assessing their knowledge of food-allergy causes, symptoms, reaction timing, major allergens, and cross-contamination risks. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22. Results: 50.6% of respondents said that food allergy symptoms appear immediately or within a few hours after consuming the food, while 37.2% said they appear after 24 hours. 4.1% said after 36 hours and 8.1% after 48 hours. 62.8% of the participants answered that food allergy affects the skin, while 30.2% correctly understood that it can affect all organs, including the respiratory tract and the skin. On the other hand, 7% of those who believed it would affect only the respiratory tract indicates that the knowledge about this is relatively low. 59.3% of the respondents said that trans fatty acids are the most harmful to people with food allergies, followed by fats (18.0%), proteins (15.1%), and carbohydrates (7.6%). Conclusions: In general, the respondents were knowledgeable about food allergies and had basic knowledge about food allergy reactions. Furthermore, this result also established that improved education and training for the respondents are crucial to provide better food allergy information. Therefore, this study provides a basis for future research in related areas. Keywords: knowledge, adolescents, allergy awareness. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis among adult population in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2014-01); ; ; ;Nakae, KimihiroChigusa, YuichiBACKGROUND: Mongolia is changing lifestyle, unhealthy habits, increase of air pollution, increasing life expectancy have led to an up rise of chronic respiratory diseases. Over 10 years ago, the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in Mongolia were in the lower range reported from previous studies. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of the survey is to know the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis among adult population of Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia and their risk factors. METHODS: Total of approximately 1,200 adults aged 20 years and over were planned to be randomly selected. The questionnaire was developed on the basis of WHO Protocol for Assessment of Prevalence of Major Respiratory Diseases and modified by local risk factors assessment and by other international survey approach including Global Initiative for Asthma and European Community Respiratory Health Survey. RESULTS: Prevalence of current wheezer in all age group was 15.7% (95% CI: 14.7-16.8). Age and sex segregated distribution of current wheezer were defined among male and female and prevalence was 14.5% (95% CI: 13.3-16.2) in male and female 16.6% (95% CI: 15.2-18.3) respectively. Prevalence of diagnosed asthma among adults was 4.7% (95% CI: 4.3-5.6) in all age group, 3% (95% CI: 2.4-3.7) in male and 6.8% (95% CI: 5.8-7.9) in female. Prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis was 14.6% in all age group. 28.4% out of subjects with allergic rhinitis has current asthma, while 11.6% of subjects without allergic rhinitis has asthma (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of asthma increased for one decade in Ulaanbaatar. Prevalence of diagnosed asthma is approximately 5% and current wheezer is approximately 15% in adults of population, which is close to other Asia and European countries. Allergic rhinitis is a risk factor for asthma. - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Asia-Pacific perspectives on the COVID-19 pandemic(Wiley, 2021-09) ;Pawankar, Ruby ;Thong, Bernard Yu-Hor ;Tiongco-Recto, Marysia ;Wang, Jiu-YaoAbdul Latiff, Amir HamzahScopus© Citations 9 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Asia Pacific perspectives on the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic: A follow-up survey(Wiley, 2022-08) ;Pawankar, Ruby ;Thong, Bernard Yu-Hor ;Tiongco-Recto, Marysia ;Wang, Jiu-YaoLatiff, Amir Hamzah AbdulBACKGROUND: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is currently in its third year. This follow-up survey was commissioned by the Asia Pacific Association of Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology (APAAACI) Task Force on COVID-19 to compare and contrast changes in the epidemiology, clinical profile, therapeutics and public health measures of the pandemic in the Asia Pacific region. METHODS: A questionnaire-based survey comprising 32 questions was electronically sent out to all 15 member countries of APAAACI using Survey Monkey® from 1 December 2021 to 28 February 2022. RESULTS: Seventeen responses were received from 14/15 (93.4%) member countries and 3 individual members. Mild-to-moderate COVID-19 predominated over severe infection, largely contributed by COVID-19 vaccination programmes in the region. The incidence of vaccine adverse reactions in particular anaphylaxis from messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines was no longer as high as initially anticipated, although perimyocarditis remains a concern in younger males. Novel therapeutics for mild-to-moderate disease including neutralizing antibodies casirivimab/imdevimab (REGEN-COV®) and sotrovimab (Xevudy®), anti-virals Paxlovid® (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) and Molnupiravir pre-exposure prophylaxis for high-risk persons with Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab (Evusheld) are now also available to complement established therapeutics (e.g., remdesivir, dexamethasone and baricitinib) for severe disease. In the transition to endemicity, public health measures are also evolving away from containment/elimination strategies. CONCLUSIONS: With access to internationally recommended standards of care including public health preventive measures, therapeutics and vaccines among most APAAACI member countries, much progress has been made over the 2-year period in minimizing the morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 disease.Scopus© Citations 7 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Vitamin D plasma concentration and vitamin D receptor genetic variants confer risk of asthma: A comparison study of Taiwanese and Mongolian populations(Elsevier BV, 2019-11); ;Kao, Hui-Fang ;Hou, Yung-I; BACKGROUND: Recent reports have suggested that lower vitamin D serum levels are associated with susceptibility to and severity of asthma in different white populations, which may be due to a lack of sunlight exposure, genetic polymorphism of vitamin D pathway genes, and dietary intake. We investigated the associations between vitamin D concentration, genetic polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and asthma traits in Mongolian and Taiwanese populations that inhabited two different geographical areas. METHODS: In total, 328 Han Taiwanese subjects and 381 Mongolian subjects were enrolled, and their vitamin D serum levels assayed. Genomic DNA of 178 Han Taiwanese subjects and 90 Mongolian subjects was obtained from blood samples. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of VDR, ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236), BsmI (rs1544410) and FokI (rs2228570), were selected for genotyping. Logistic regression analyses were performed to detect an association between allergic asthma status and the interaction of the VDR SNP and serum vitamin D concentration in the case-control samples. RESULTS: We observed a significantly lower vitamin D level in the Mongolian subjects as compared with the Taiwanese population. In particular, in the population under 14 years of age, the serum vitamin D level was significantly higher in the Taiwanese population, in both non-asthmatic and asthmatic subjects, than in the Mongolian non-asthmatic and asthmatic subjects, respectively (P < 0.01). Moreover, the vitamin D level in the asthmatic children was significantly lower than that in the non-asthmatic children in both the Taiwanese and Mongolian populations (P < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, we found that the rs2228570 genotype (OR, 3.763) of the VDR SNP and the vitamin D concentration (lower than 40 ng/ml, OR: 38.938) both contribute to increased susceptibility to bronchial asthma. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated an association between vitamin D concentration and the risk of asthma in two populations of differing ethnicity living in different geographical areas. This information implies a potential role of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of asthma worldwide.Scopus© Citations 14 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Asia-Pacific survey of physicians' perceptions and managements of chronic rhinosinusitis(Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Association of Thailand, 2025-03) ;Shao, Shan ;Zheng, Ming ;Wang, Xiangdong ;Latiff, Amir HaKim, Dong YoungBACKGROUND: The diagnosis and management of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) may vary between otolaryngologists and allergists. Moreover, the adherence of different practitioners to European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2020 guideline recommendations has not been previously ascertained in Asia-Pacific regions. OBJECTIVE: Different specialists' perceptions and managements of CRS in Asia-Pacific regions were assessed in an attempt to gauge these practices against EPOS 2020 guidelines. METHODS: A transregional, cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess otolaryngologists' and allergists' perceptions and managements of CRS with regard to diagnosis, management and adherence to EPOS 2020 guidelines. RESULTS: Sixteen physicians in Asia-Pacific regions responded to the questionnaire. A total of 71.4% of otolaryngologists preferred to diagnose CRS with a combination of positive nasal symptoms and nasal endoscopy plus sinus CT, whereas 22.2% of allergists took such criterion to diagnose CRS. Compared to allergists, otolaryngologists more often considered the endotype classification (85.8% versus 55.5%). For the preferred first-line treatment, in addition to intranasal corticosteroids recommended by all respondents, 66.7% of allergists preferred antihistamines, whereas 71.4% of otolaryngologists preferred nasal saline irrigation. Regarding the proper timing of surgery, 71.5% of otolaryngologists reported 8-12 weeks of treatment after the initiation of medication, while more than half of the allergists recommended 4-6 weeks of medical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This survey shows that variable perceptions and practices for CRS may exist between physicians with different specialties and highlights the need for increased communication and awareness between otolaryngologists and allergists to improve the diagnosis and treatment of CRS.Scopus© Citations 2 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, An online survey of clinical practice for allergic rhinitis among the Asia-Pacific representatives(Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Association of Thailand, 2025-03) ;Zheng, Ming ;Wang, Xiangdong ;Latiff, Amir Hamzah Abdul ;Shah, AshokPham, Duy LeBACKGROUND: Physicians' knowledge and practice which are consistent with evidence-based guidelines can improve allergic rhinitis (AR) patients' care. Compared with western countries, the available literature about Asian doctors' perceptions and clinical practices regarding Allergic Rhinitis and its Impacts on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines is limited. OBJECTIVE: To collect detailed information about the practical management patterns specific for AR patients and investigate compliance with ARIA in the clinical practice of Asian physicians and elucidate the possible inadequacy in the existing ARIA guidelines. METHODS: An e-mail with a structured questionnaire was sent to members of the Asia-Pacific Association of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology. The questionnaire consisted of doctors' characteristics, environment of medical practice, routine clinical practice following ARIA guidelines and patients' adherence to the prescription. RESULTS: Physicians from 14 countries and regions sent valid questionnaires back, 94.12% of whom were senior doctors with more than 10 years of experience. 88.24% of doctors diagnosed AR depending on the history combined with allergy tests. 82.35% of participants employed the classification criteria by ARIA. 94.12%, 88.24% and 41.8% of respondents recommended intranasal corticosteroids, oral antihistamines and leukotriene receptor antagonists as first-line medications. 5.88% treated perennial AR by intranasal corticosteroids alone. 11.76% of clinicians recommended no allergen immunotherapy (AIT) or biologics and 58.82% of interviewees reported AR patients occasionally or sometimes agreed with the recommendation of AIT. CONCLUSIONS: There was high compliance with ARIA guidelines in Asian senior physicians' actual notion and practice in the management of AR. New-generation ARIA guidelines are imperative for unmet needs.Scopus© Citations 3 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, COVID-19 in the Asia Pacific: Impact on climate change, allergic diseases and One Health(2023-03) ;Pawankar, Ruby ;Thong, Bernard Y ;Recto, Marysia T ;Wang, Jiu-YaoAbdul Latiff, Amir HamzahClimate change and environmental factors such as air pollution and loss of biodiversity are known to have a major impact not only on allergic diseases but also on many noncommunicable diseases. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in many environmental changes during the different phases of the pandemic. The use of face masks, enhanced hand hygiene with hand rubs and sanitizers, use of personal protective equipment (gowns and gloves), and safe-distancing measures, reduced the overall incidence of respiratory infections and other communicable diseases. Lockdowns and border closures resulted in a significant reduction in vehicular traffic and hence environmental air pollution. Paradoxically, the use of personal protective equipment and disposables contributed to an increase in environmental waste disposal and new problems such as occupational dermatoses, especially among healthcare workers. Environmental changes and climate change over time may impact the exposome, genome, and microbiome, with the potential for short- and long-term effects on the incidence and prevalence of the allergic disease. The constant use and access to mobile digital devices and technology disrupt work-life harmony and mental well-being. The complex interactions between the environment, genetics, immune, and neuroendocrine systems may have short- and long-term impact on the risk and development of allergic and immunologic diseases in the future.Scopus© Citations 10 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Prevalence of childhood asthma in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia in 2009(Elsevier BV, 2016-01) ;Yoshihara, Shigemi; ;Makino, Sohei ;Ito, ClydeBACKGROUND: Bronchial asthma is a common but important chronic disease in children in all over the world. To take measures against prevalence of childhood asthma, many researchers have surveyed the actual statuses of childhood asthma in developed countries, but in most Asia-Pacific developing countries including Mongolia such surveys have never been sufficiently conducted until now. We have thought that this survey, though performed in 2009, will give important and meaningful information even now in taking measures to prevent prevailing bronchial asthma in children in Mongolia or the countries under similar statuses. METHODS: The asthma prevalence and patient background information in Mongolian children aged 6-7 living in Ulaanbaatar were examined using a written questionnaire modified for their parents from that prepared by the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of asthma in Mongolian children was 20.9%. The following 3 risk factors were found to be related to asthma: (1) having allergic rhinitis symptoms, (2) mothers' smoking, and (3) history of severe respiratory infection before 1-year-old. CONCLUSIONS: The asthma prevalence in Mongolian children was higher than that in the world and Asia-Pacific countries reported by ISAAC. The higher prevalence was probably attributable to households' (especially mothers) smoking in draft-free houses designed for the cold area and severe air-pollution due to rapid industrialization and urbanization in Mongolia. Smoking prohibition in the mother (including family members) and a reduction of exposure to air pollutants are urgently needed to prevent developing childhood asthma.Scopus© Citations 27
