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    Item type:Publication,
    Psychometric properties of the Mongolian version of shitsu-taikan-sho (alexisomia) in young adults
    (2024) ;
    Batkhuyag, Enkhzaya
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    ;
    Urtnasan, Tserendolgor
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    Objective: Alexisomia is characterized by difficulty in identifying and describing bodily feelings. Shitsu-taikan-sho scale (STSS) is a self-report tool that assesses alexisomia. This study aimed to validate the Mongolian version of STSS in a nonclinical student sample. Methods: A total of 593 undergraduate students (217 males, 376 females, 18-25 years), who were studying at medical universities, were recruited. Participants completed the Mongolian version of STSS, which was translated from Japanese to Mongolian, back-translated, and finalized by an expert committee. Construct validity was examined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for a three-factor structure. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were measured using Cronbach's α and the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), respectively. Results: The mean scores of STSS were 18.6 ± 5.7 for difficulty identifying bodily feelings (DIB), 18.8 ± 4.0 for overadaptation (OA), 23.7 ± 4.1 for lack of health management (LHM), and 61.1 ± 10.5 for the total score (possible range: 7-35 for DIB, OA, LHM, and 21-105 for the total score, respectively). Exploratory factor analysis indicated a three-factor structure consisting of 21 items that explained 40.3% of the variance (KMO = 0.916, RMSEA = 0.049, χ2 = 372, p < .001). Confirmatory factor analysis provided a good fit to the data (CFI = 0.876, TLI = 0.861, RMSEA = 0.068, χ2 = 703, p < .001). Cronbach's alpha for the STSS was 0.860, indicating good internal consistency. Test-retest reliability analysis demonstrated good reliability (ICC = 0.791). Conclusion: The 21-item Mongolian version of STSS demonstrated evidence of good reliability and validity for assessing alexisomia in a nonclinical population in Mongolia. This suggests that the Mongolian version of the STSS may allow for the comparison of alexisomia among adults in Mongolia with those in other countries.
    Scopus© Citations 1
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    Item type:Publication,
    Anxiety, depression, and brain overwork in the general population of Mongolia
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-01) ;
    Hiramoto, Tetsuya
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    Bat-Erdene, Enkhjin
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    ;
    In Mongolia, there is limited data on the prevalence and correlates of common mental health conditions. This study addresses this data gap by exploring anxiety, depression, and brain overwork. The aim of this study was to determine normative data on these conditions in the general population of Mongolia. This nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 sampling centers across Mongolia in 2020. A total of 613 participants (190 men and 423 women) with a mean age of 41.8 ± 12.4 years were recruited. The participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Brain Overwork Scale (BOS-10). Vital signs, body measurements, and lifestyle determinants were also assessed. The prevalence of anxiety was 9.9%, depression was 4.9%, and brain overwork was 18.3% among the participants. Anxiety and depression were correlated with brain overwork symptoms. Brain overwork was associated with young age, unemployment, low income, and alcohol use. These findings suggest that anxiety, depression, and brain overwork are a significant problem in the general population of Mongolia. Further research is needed to develop effective interventions to reduce the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety, depression, and brain overwork.
    Scopus© Citations 5
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    Item type:Publication,
    Psychometric properties of Mongolian versions of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in young adults
    (2026-06-11)
    Oyunsuren Jargalsaikhan
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    Tergelsaran Olzvoi
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    Enkh-Uchral Perenleisambuu
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    Enkhzaya Batkhuyag
    The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) are standardized self-report tools for screening depressive and anxiety disorders, respectively. While they have been validated in various cultural contexts, their psychometric properties have not been thoroughly evaluated in Mongolia. This study aimed to validate the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 among young adults in Mongolia, ensuring their reliability and efficacy in assessing mental health. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,391 young adults (aged 17-29 years). Tests for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity were performed, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity and cut-off scores were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: Both the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.913 and 0.895, respectively) and good test-retest reliability over time (ICC=0.637 for PHQ-9; ICC=0.782 for GAD-7). Factor analyses confirmed their unidimensional structures, explaining 59.1% and 61.5% of variance, respectively. Unidimensional models showed acceptable goodness-of-fit indices, with RMSEA values of 0.051 for PHQ-9 and 0.047 for GAD-7, indicating a close-to-good fit for both models. Strong correlations were observed between PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores with HADS scores (p<0.001), indicating good convergent validity. Observed cut-off scores yielded high sensitivity and specificity in this sample population. The final Mongolian versions of the questionnaires exhibited robust psychometric properties. The PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were validated as reliable instruments for screening depression and anxiety among medical students in Mongolia. These findings improve the capacity for early identification and intervention in mental health among this population. However, further research should address limitations related to gender representation and the need for assessment in diverse settings.
    Scopus© Citations 1