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    Changes in mental health following COVID-19 infection: Results of a prospective cohort study in Mongolia
    (Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, 2026-03-30)
    aa Enkhtuvshin Regzed
    ;
    Mongoljin Altankhuyag
    ;
    ; ;
    Yelik Madi
    Objective: COVID-19 has been associated with persistent neuropsychiatric complications, yet prospective evidence from low- and middle-income countries remains limited. This study evaluated 12-month longitudinal changes in depression, anxiety, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 compared with non-COVID-19 controls in Mongolia. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 459 adults (326 COVID-19 cases and 133 controls) recruited from hospitals affiliated with the Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences between 2021 and 2023. Participants without baseline mental disorders were assessed at 7–14 days, 3 months, and 12 months using the PHQ-9, GAD-7, ISI, and PCL-5. Data were analyzed using X² tests, independent t-tests, and relative risk (RR) estimates, with statistical significance defined as p < 0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 46.3 ± 13.8 years, and 58.4% were female. At 12 months, depression (37.3% vs. 16.9%; RR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.28–3.83; p = 0.003) and anxiety (28.0% vs. 11.2%; RR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.25–4.96; p = 0.006) remained significantly more common in the COVID-19 group than in controls. Insomnia decreased over time (33.3% vs. 49.4%; RR = 0.67; p = 0.037), whereas PTSD prevalence remained low in both groups (<3%, p > 0.05). Female participants and those aged 40–59 years showed a higher risk of adverse mental health outcomes. Conclusions: COVID-19 infection was associated with a significantly increased long-term risk of depression and anxiety up to 12 months after infection. These findings support routine mental health screening and sustained psychological follow-up as part of post-COVID care and provide evidence to inform long-term mental health policy in Mongolia.
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    Case of Somatoform Disorder Due to COVID-19 Induced Trauma
    (Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, 2021-09-30) ; ; ;
    Altankhuyag, Mongoljin
    ;
    Regzedmaa, Enkhtuvshin
    Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to mental health problems, such as phobia, anxiety, insomnia, and depression. We report the case of somatoform disorder due to psychological trauma associated with COVID-19 disease. Method: Diagnosis was based on mental state examination and the patho-psychological testing. Results: A 70 years old female presented many somatic complaints. She had 12 visits to a specialist during more than 4 months, 4 hospital admissions, and was involved in many tests and treatments, but with no beneficial results. On mental state examination and patho-psychological testing were found anxiety, depression, and somatization. Conclusion: On the basis of clinical features, the patient was hospitalized and effectively treated with a combination of antidepressant, anxiolytics, psychotropics, and psychotherapy.
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    Mental Health Problems of the People in Isolation Related to SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection
    (Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, 2021-12-31) ; ; ;
    Davaa, Naranzul
    ;
    Objectives: To define the mental health status of people in isolation, and determined the correlation between mental health variables of the respondents. Methods: The study design was descriptive cross-actional. Isolated citizens, who were transported by charter flight from different foreign countries to Mongolia from July 1, 2020, to September 1, 2020, and observed by epidemiological reference in the isolation places. Results: The majority (38.8%, n = 157) of the 405 total cases aged 17- 97 year-olds, were 25- 34 year-olds and the average age was 34.2 ± 14.6. Majority of respondents (n = 213; 52.6%) were male. When mental health variables were compared with age groups, depression, anxiety, and self-stigma were not statistically significant for age group. However, in any age group of participants, self-stigma was moderately more at 91.8% (p = 0.043), and self-stigma at 93.8% was moderate. 38.1% of the total isolated population had mild to severe depression, and 30.4% had mild to moderate anxiety. Conclusion: Respondents who were impacted by strong stressors were more likely to experience depression and anxiety than respondents who were not impacted, and increased levels of depression were caused by strong stressors and anxiety. A moderate level of self-stigma is more present in any age group.