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IDDF2023-ABS-0237 Characteristics of helicobacter pylori from mongolia where burdening high incidence of gastric cancer
(2023-06-01)
Boldbaatar Gantuya
;
Batsaikhan Saruuljavkhlan
;
Khasag Oyuntsetseg
;
Yoshio Yamaoka
;
Vo Phuoc Tuan
Background Globally Mongolia is the top country in the incidence of gastric cancer followed by Japan and Korea which are East Asian countries. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection possessing East-Asian-type CagA is more associated with gastric carcinogenesis than Western-type CagA. The prevalence of H. pylori is around 70% in Mongolia; however, the previous study reported Mongolians infected with H. pylori possessing Western-type CagA. Therefore, we aimed to characterize Mongolian H. pylori infection based on a whole genome sequencing method. Methods Totally 130 strains are sequenced from Mongolian H. pylori isolates (20 gastric cancer and 110 non-cancer cases) and 401 data from 38 countries H. pylori whole genome data were extracted for the FineStructure analysis. The complete CagA gene and 7 housekeeping genes were extracted for constructing a phylogenetic tree. Results Based on whole genomic FineStructure analysis we found new H. pylori population named as HpMongolia among Mongolian gastric cancer and non-gastric cancer cases which are separately clustered among published global H. pylori populations (IDDF2023-ABS-0237-Figure 1. FineStructure analysis for H.pylori population). Complete CagA gene sequencing data showed that HpMongolia possessed with J-Western type cagA and it was the highest distribution of J-Western cagA positive H. pylori strains identified in Mongolia (67.7%) followed by Canada, North America (10%), and Okinawa, Japan (5.9%) among the published population (IDDF2023-ABS-0237-Figure 2. Global H.pylori phylogenetic tree based on 7-housekeeping genes). The phylogenetic tree constructed based on 7 housekeeping genes result showed the closest H. pylori population with HpMongolia is the HpAmerind which is isolated from native American people (IDDF2023-ABS-0237-Figure 3. H.pylori CagA genotyping map). Conclusions Mongolians provide new H. pylori population is named as HpMongolia which contains most of the cases Japanese-Western type cagA both for cancer and non-cancer cases. Therefore Japanese-Western type cagA might have advantageous for human migration study markers and further clinical implications.
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Fine-scale population structure of Japanese Helicobacter pylori provides new anthropological and epidemiological insights
(2025-06)
Tomonari, Kohei
;
Saruuljavkhlan, Batsaikhan
;
Alfaray, Ricky Indra
;
Fauzia, Kartika Afrida
;
Matsunari, Osamu
Helicobacter pylori is considered to contribute to gastric cancer and is also used as a marker to trace human migration due to its co-evolution with humans. To understand the recently proposed tripartite model suggesting three ancestral origins for the Japanese population and address the enigma of the high incidence of gastric cancer in Northeast Hondo (Hondo is mainland Japan), we conducted a fine-scale population structure analysis using a large Japanese H. pylori dataset, including 438 strains from 9 regions based on whole-genome sequences. As a result of fineSTRUCTURE analysis, it was found that H. pylori in Northeast Hondo is genetically distinct from hspEAsia subgroup 7 (sg7), which is widely distributed elsewhere in Hondo. We named this new subgroup hspEAsia-sg8 (Northeast Hondo). Ancestry analysis using ChromoPainter revealed that, while a large proportion of the genomes of hspEAsia-sg8 strains were painted by donors from their own population, the ancestry components of hspEAsia-sg7 showed a high proportion of Chinese and Korean components, suggesting that they were formed through admixture with continental hspEAsia subgroups. These results align with human genome studies, which indicate an original ancestry component in Northeast Hondo and a higher proportion of East Asian components in West Hondo, supporting the tripartite model. This also suggests novel potential for biogeographic ancestry inference in forensic science, as the H. pylori genome can distinguish Hondo populations. Furthermore, fixation index analysis comparing the genome of hspEAsia-sg8 with other Japanese hspEAsia subgroups revealed a high number of nonsynonymous mutations in hp0378 (ccsBA) and hp0377 (dsbC/ccmG). Because these genes are involved in cytochrome c maturation and disulphide bond formation, the detected mutations may affect bacterial survival, growth or pathogenicity. This study supports the tripartite model for the formation of modern Japanese people and suggests that the strain of H. pylori prevalent in the Northeast Hondo region may contribute to the high incidence of gastric cancer there.

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