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    Spinal Postures and Mobility in Children with Achondroplasia vs. Age- and Sex-Matched Healthy Individuals: A Preliminary Report
    (2024-04) ;
    Luomajoki, Hannu
    ;
    Aliverti, Andrea
    ;
    LoMauro, Antonella
    ;
    Tringali, Gabriella
    Background: Achondroplasia is a rare genetic disease, yet the most common form of dwarfism, characterized by limb shortening and disproportionate short stature along with musculoskeletal changes, such as postural deviations. Although postural changes in the spine in children with achondroplasia have been well investigated, little is known about the association of achondroplasia with spinal movements/mobility. Methods: This preliminary study aims to explore the association of achondroplasia with spinal mobility in children with achondroplasia compared to age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. Spinal posture and mobility were assessed using a radiation-free back scan, the Idiag M360 (Idiag, Fehraltorf, Switzerland). Between-group differences were determined using a two-way analysis of variance. Results: Children with achondroplasia had smaller thoracic lateral flexion [difference between groups (Δ) = 20.4°, 95% CI 0.1°-40.6°, p = 0.04], lumbar flexion (Δ = 17.4°, 95% CI 5.5°-29.4°, p = 0.006), lumbar extension (Δ = 14.2°, 95% CI 5.7°-22.8°, p = 0.002) and lumbar lateral flexion (Δ = 19.6°, 95% CI 10.7°-28.4°, p < 0.001) than age- and sex-matched healthy individuals, except for thoracic extension (Δ = 16.5°, 95% CI 4.4°-28.7°, p = 0.009) which was greater in children with achondroplasia. No differences were observed in global spinal postures between the two groups. Conclusions: Spinal mobility appears to be more influenced by achondroplasia than global spinal postures in childhood. These results also highlight the importance of considering the musculoskeletal assessment of segmental spinal postures and rehabilitative interventions aimed at promoting spinal flexibility in children with achondroplasia.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Differences in Spinal Posture and Movement Between Adult Females with Anorexia Nervosa and Age- and Sex-Matched Normal-Weight Controls
    (2025-05) ;
    Tringali, Gabriella
    ;
    Micheli, Roberta De
    ;
    Bondesan, Adele
    ;
    Ventura, Enrica
    Background: Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterised by distorted eating behaviour, physical and mental health problems, and the highest mortality rate among psychiatric disorders. Although anorexia nervosa appears to be associated with alterations in the spine, studies investigating the characteristics of spinal postures and mobility in individuals with anorexia nervosa are scarce to date. The present study aims to examine the relationship between anorexia nervosa and spinal posture and mobility by comparing people with anorexia nervosa to age-matched, normal-weight controls. Methods: Spinal posture and mobility were evaluated using a radiation-free back scan, the Idiag M360 (Idiag, Fehraltorf, Switzerland). Between-group differences were assessed using a two-way analysis of variance. Results: Adult females suffering from anorexia nervosa exhibited reduced lumbar [difference between groups (Δ) = 10.5°, 95% CI 4.6°-16.5°, p < 0.001] and thoracic (Δ = 8.8°, 95% CI 2.4°-15.2°, p = 0.007) curvatures compared to normal-weight controls. The only difference observed in spinal movements between the two groups was thoracic flexion, which was greater in individuals with anorexia nervosa (Δ = 8.4°, 95% CI 2.1°-14.4°, p = 0.009). Conclusions: These findings emphasise the need to consider spinal posture and thoracic mobility in the musculoskeletal assessment of anorexia nervosa. Interventions aimed at improving spinal postures may help to develop effective rehabilitative strategies for addressing spinal problems associated with anorexia nervosa and thus contributing to counteract the possible further worsening with advancing age.