Ganbat, Mandukhai

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Implementing Attitudes Measurement to Influence Winter Air Pollution Mask Wearing by Pregnant Women in Ulaanbaatar: A Pilot Study
(Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, 2017-11-25)
Wigfall, Clarence
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Ganbat, Mandukhai
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Badarch, Jargalsaikhan
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Warburton, David
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Crano, William D.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to provide an evidence based foundation to implement interventions that improve the health of the population of UB, particularly pregnant women and their yet to be born children by reducing the impact of exposure to the ultra-high air pollution levels found in the city. Methods: This is a hospital based cross-sectional survey including 35 pregnant women, 26 doctors and 31 pregnant women participated in focus groups. All participants were selected from Family Health Centers and District Hospital in UB. Results: Pregnant women both lack accurate knowledge about the effects of extreme air pollution and mask wearing and desire to have more knowledge. Health practitioners scored much higher than pregnant women, in general, on knowledge about the health implications of air pollution and the benefits of wearing air masks. Pregnant women report an overall very negative perception about wearing air masks that is more negative than their report about their perceptions of other’s negative attitudes toward those who wear air masks. Conclusion: This pilot study exposes areas that can be used in a complementary manner in the design and implementation of the more detailed full survey that will lead to the design and implementation of the planned intervention.
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Integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches to assess wintertime illness-related absenteeism and its direct and indirect costs among the private sector in Ulaanbaatar.
(2022)
Ganbat, Mandukhai
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Erdenebileg, Nasantogtokh
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Batbold, Chuluunbileg
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Nergui, Saruultuya
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Anderson, Ron
Scopus© Citations 3
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Facilitators and barriers to compliance with a raw coal ban amongst pregnant women and mothers of young children in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: A mixed-methods study
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2026)
Miller, Rob
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Dickinson-Craig, Emma
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Harbach, Sophie
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Vickers, Charles
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Amgalan, Enkhdulguun
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, is in the midst of a winter air pollution crisis driven by the combustion of solid fuels in the peri-urban Ger districts to which young children, fetuses and pregnant women are particularly vulnerable. To address this, the Mongolian government banned the sale and use of raw coal in May 2019 and has subsidized and promoted refined coal briquettes as an alternative fuel. This mixed-methods study utilized semi-structured interviews (n = 30) and a questionnaire survey (n = 369) to identify facilitators and barriers to compliance with the ban amongst Mongolian mothers living in Ulaanbaatar. Four main themes were identified that affected compliance: knowledge about air pollution, information sources, initial policy impacts and governance. Facilitators of participants' ban compliance included awareness of the severity of air pollution's health impacts, support for the policy and governmental enforcement. Concerns regarding fuel alternative safety and affordability, as well as uncertainty about the policy itself (inadequate information) were found to be barriers. Incorporation of these insights in future air pollution mitigation strategies could be beneficial for strengthening their effectiveness, both in Mongolia and settings that face similar challenges throughout the world, which in turn could be a crucial step in meeting the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals agenda.

Ganbat, Mandukhai

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