Ganbat, Mandukhai

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Socioeconomic Factors Related to Nicotine Dependence in Mongolia
(Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, 2023-03-22)
Davaanyam, Munkh-Uchral
;
Singh, Pramil
;
Peterson, Anne Berit
;
Mukhtar, Yerkyebulan
;
Ganbat, Mandukhai
Objectives: This study is aimed to investigate potential socio-economic risk factors associated with Nicotine Dependence among UB residents. It is important to identify and understand the various elements that may make people more susceptible to the negative health effects of smoking. Methods: We applied a cross-sectional study design to define the level of nicotine dependence on 875 participants. In addition, risk factors associated with nicotine dependence were assessed through a questionnaire survey. Results: Higher nicotine dependence in this study was associated with being a female (OR=1.208), older age groups (OR=1.5-2.9), divorced (OR=1.091), living in a house (OR=1.602), having a high school education level (OR=1.794), not having a regular job (OR=1.137), having a higher alcohol consumption level (OR=1.18-1.62), and age at initiation of smoking at 18 or younger (OR=1.796). Conclusion: According to the results of our research, countries with low and moderate levels of income, such as Mongolia, have a significant problem with high levels of nicotine dependence. In addition to this, it underscores the importance of developing smoking cessation programs that consider the extent of nicotine dependence while placing a greater emphasis on early interventions of the linked factors.
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Prevalence of Overweight and Obese School-Going Adolescents in Ulaanbaatar and Its Lack of Associated Risk Factors
(Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, 2019-06-25)
Ganbold, Oyundari
;
Erdenebileg, Nasantogtokh
;
Ganbat, Mandukhai
Objectives: The high prevalence of overweight and obese adolescents has severe consequences for economic and social development in Mongolia. This study aims to describe the prevalence of obesity and its associated factors among adolescents. Methods: Using the published results of the 2013 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), we determined the prevalence of overweight and obese youth as well as some aspects of their physical activity, alcohol consumption, tobacco usage, and dietary behavior. A total of 5393 students from grade 7-12 students who were normal weight, overweight or obese were studied. Results: Approximately 15% of adolescents were overweight or obese with significant differences in BMI when comparing students in grades 7 to 9 to students in grades 10 to 12 (p= .004). More of the students from grades 7 - 9 were overweight than obese (13.3% vs. 10.7%), while more in grades 10 - 12 were obese (2.1% vs. 1.1%). None of the risk factors available in the GSHS data set were related to being overweight or obese. Conclusion: Using the potential risk factors available in the GSHS data set, none were associated with being overweight or obese. There is a need for better understanding of the social, economic, and physical determinants of the high prevalence of overweight and obese adolescents in Mongolia.
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Implementing Attitudes Measurement to Influence Winter Air Pollution Mask Wearing by Pregnant Women in Ulaanbaatar: A Pilot Study
(Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, 2017-11-25)
Wigfall, Clarence
;
Ganbat, Mandukhai
;
Badarch, Jargalsaikhan
;
Warburton, David
;
Crano, William D.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to provide an evidence based foundation to implement interventions that improve the health of the population of UB, particularly pregnant women and their yet to be born children by reducing the impact of exposure to the ultra-high air pollution levels found in the city. Methods: This is a hospital based cross-sectional survey including 35 pregnant women, 26 doctors and 31 pregnant women participated in focus groups. All participants were selected from Family Health Centers and District Hospital in UB. Results: Pregnant women both lack accurate knowledge about the effects of extreme air pollution and mask wearing and desire to have more knowledge. Health practitioners scored much higher than pregnant women, in general, on knowledge about the health implications of air pollution and the benefits of wearing air masks. Pregnant women report an overall very negative perception about wearing air masks that is more negative than their report about their perceptions of other’s negative attitudes toward those who wear air masks. Conclusion: This pilot study exposes areas that can be used in a complementary manner in the design and implementation of the more detailed full survey that will lead to the design and implementation of the planned intervention.

Ganbat, Mandukhai

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